Lesson 4 - Read the Sky

Key Takeaways:

Common Cloud Types:

• Cumulus: Fluffy, fair weather.
• Stratus: Low, grey layers = drizzle/fog.
• Cirrus: High wispy clouds, often pre-frontal.
• Cumulonimbus: Storm clouds, heavy rain, lightning.

Cloud Progression = Weather Clues:

• Cirrus thickening into altostratus = warm front approaching.
• Growing cumulus = instability and potential storms.
• Darkening, low clouds = precipitation or squall ahead.
• Sudden base drops = rain likely.

Identifying Fronts:

• Warm Front: Gradual cloud buildup, steady rain, wind shift.
• Cold Front: Sharp edge, dramatic cloud line, squalls, wind reversal.

Sky-Based Weather Signs:

• Halos: Moisture high in atmosphere = front approaching.
• Mackerel Sky/Mare’s Tails: Change within 24–48 hours.
• Red Sky at Night: Stable air, high pressure moving in.
• Rainbow in Morning: Rain approaching; in evening = clearing.

Sky Awareness Tips:

• Track cloud movement over time.
• Note direction of clouds and changes.
• Combine visual signs with instruments and forecast.